Now in its 65th year, the 2025 Global R&D Funding Forecast employs a sophisticated new methodology to navigate a world in transition. Using advanced econometric modeling and multi-scenario analysis, this year's report offers deeper, more predictive insights into the forces shaping innovation on the global stage. Key analyses in this year's report include when China will likely surpass the U.S. in effective R&D spending. It also explores the "Great Realignment" of nations into strategic tech blocs, with detailed forecasts revealing the divergent R&D strategies in pharmaceuticals, automotive technology and the global semiconductor race.